The Most Effective Ways to Get Rid of Hiccups, According to Doctors

We've all been there—whether you're hosting a party and raising a toast, or giving a speech at an event, only to be interrupted by a case of the hiccups. While hiccups happen to everyone from time to time, they can still feel frustrating. How to get rid of hiccups is often unclear, and many so-called remedies are rooted in myth, such as drinking water upside down or asking someone to scare them away.

To find out the most effective ways to get rid of hiccups, we spoke with experts Andrew Wallah, the ambulatory care chief medical officer at NYC Health + Hospitals, and Aditi Stanton, a board-certified gastroenterologist with Gastro Health. Ahead, they explain why hiccups happen, how to get rid of them, how to help prevent them, and when they may signal something more serious that requires medical attention.

What Causes Hiccups

Hiccups are a common, short-lived condition that nearly everyone experiences at some point. They occur when the diaphragm suddenly spasms, triggering a quick intake of air. The familiar "hic" sound happens when the vocal cords snap shut in response to that spasm, Stanton says.

In most cases, hiccups are set off by everyday habits, such as eating too quickly, swallowing excess air, drinking carbonated beverages, or consuming alcohol. Fortunately, they usually resolve on their own without much effort.

However, when hiccups last for hours—or even days—they may point to an underlying issue. Persistent hiccups can be linked to conditions like acid reflux or irritation of the nerves that control the diaphragm. "In some people, however, they can persist longer due to an underlying condition that affects the central nervous system, the vagus nerve, or one of the nerves to the diaphragm or intercostal muscles," says Wallah. These conditions could include stroke, infection, drug-induced, toxic abnormalities—such as electrolyte disturbances and alcohol—stress and anxiety.

How to Get Rid of Hiccups

If you're dealing with hiccups—or trying to help someone else find relief—there are a few simple methods worth trying. Experts suggest starting with low-risk, at-home approaches that may help reset the body.

• Hold your breath or breathe into a paper bag. These methods work by increasing carbon dioxide levels in your bloodstream. That shift may help reset your diaphragm's rhythm and stop the spasms.
• Swallow a spoonful of sugar. The evidence for this method is limited, but repeated swallowing may interrupt the hiccup reflex and help your body regain control.
• Practice slow, controlled breathing. This approach engages your nervous system and encourages relaxation, which may calm diaphragm spasms and ease hiccups.

Most home remedies for hiccups don't have strong scientific backing. However, approaches that stimulate the vagus nerve—such as drinking ice water or gargling—or that disrupt breathing patterns, like holding your breath, are generally considered safe and reasonable first steps, Wallah says.

Can You Prevent Hiccups?

Hiccups often start with something as simple as eating too quickly. When you rush through a meal, you're more likely to swallow excess air, which can trigger that familiar spasm. Eating slowly and mindfully can help reduce the chances of hiccups. "Keep portion sizes moderate, and try to avoid overeating," Stanton adds. "An overly full stomach can press on the diaphragm and trigger spasms."

If you notice you're prone to hiccups, it may also help to be mindful of what you drink. Carbonated beverages and alcohol—especially on an empty stomach—can trigger hiccups in some people.

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When to See a Doctor for Hiccups

If you find yourself dealing with hiccups often, it may be worth mentioning to your health care provider. Experts say occasional hiccups are common, but those that linger can signal something more.

Hiccups that last longer than 48 hours should be evaluated by a doctor. When they continue for more than a month, they're considered chronic and often point to an underlying condition that needs attention.

It's also important to watch for warning signs that occur alongside hiccups. These include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unexplained weight loss, or vomiting, Stanton says. Although rare, persistent hiccups have been linked to issues involving the brainstem, esophagus, or stomach. In these cases, a medical evaluation can help identify and treat the root cause, she adds.