What Is Cacao Butter or Cocoa Butter?

Cacao butter has gotten some attention lately, especially from those following a paleo or keto diet. Also known as cocoa butter, it's a common ingredient in lotions and lip balms because it can moisturize and protect our skin, which absorbs it well.

You might consume cacao butter most frequently in candy bars, but you can also use it in your cooking. To learn more, we spoke with a pastry chef to help us better understand the ingredient so you can confidently use it in your recipes.

Penny Stankiewicz, pastry chef, owner, and creative director of Sugar Couture, a custom sugar art company

What Is Cacao Butter?

Cacao butter (aka cocoa butter) is a naturally occurring plant-based fat derived from the cocoa or cacao bean, says pastry chef Penny Stankiewicz. Despite the name, it contains no butter or dairy. After cacao pods are harvested, the beans inside are fermented, dried, and roasted. Those roasted beans are then ground.

The grinding process allows the cocoa butter to be separated from the cocoa mass (which often becomes cocoa powder). Because cocoa beans come from the Theobroma cacao plant, the separated cocoa fat is also known as theobroma oil.

Though an oil, cacao butter is solid at room temperature. It is too brittle and hard to use without first melting it, but it has a low melting point. "It's below body temperature," says Stankiewicz. "That's the whole concept of chocolate melting in your mouth." Cacao butter has a mild chocolate aroma, but it does not provide a chocolatey taste.

Cocoa Butter vs. Cocoa Powder

Cocoa powder is the most commonly used ingredient for chocolate-flavored baked goods. On the other hand, cocoa butter is primarily found in chocolate bars or used in specialty chocolate-making. They contribute different elements—flavor vs. fat—and aren’t interchangeable. However, you can substitute cocoa butter for part of the fat in some baked goods, like brownies.

cacao butter chunks on wooden surface — Credit: dianazh / Getty Images

How to Use Cocoa Butter

There are several ways bakers use cocoa butter. For one, substituting cocoa butter for butter in a chocolate-flavored baking recipe can make the dessert creamier and more decadent. Here's how to work with it.

Melt Cocoa Butter Into Drinks

Melted cocoa butter can be stirred into smoothies or hot chocolate to make it richer. Though cacao butter melts easily, it must be melted carefully, says Stankiewicz. "You want to melt it like you'd melt chocolate, which is gently, either in a double boiler or in the microwave, starting with a one-minute burst and then using shorter bursts after that." She also cautions that it takes longer than you'd expect: "It feels like it takes forever, much longer than it takes to melt chocolate."

Bake With Cocoa Butter

You can cook and bake with cocoa butter, but you need to consider the properties, as well as your budget. "Cocoa butter is pricey," says Stankiewicz. "If you're going to swap it for all of your fat when baking, that is going to be a very expensive treat!"

But say you were going to make brownies: "You could use cocoa butter instead of butter, but you can't use it as a one-to-one swap," says Stankiewicz. "Cocoa butter is 100 percent fat. Butter is generally 82 percent butterfat, which means the other 18 percent is water and other trace ingredients." Stankiewicz explains that you should substitute about 82 percent of the fat the recipe calls for and then add the remainder as a liquid such as water or coffee.

Bakers will generally substitute only a portion of the fat in a recipe, such as swapping 1/4 or 1/2 of the butter with cacao butter.

Substitute Oil With Cocoa Butter

For recipes that call for oil, which is 100 percent fat (like cacao butter), the rules are a little different. Stankiewicz says that replacing some of the oil in a vegan brownie or other baked good with cacao butter works well; it can even reduce the greasy sensation that can occur with using only oil, which remains liquid at room temperature.

Cacao butter is also a fair substitute for coconut oil, another oil that is solid at room temperature. Whenever baking with cacao butter, remember that the final product will set up more after baking, since cacao butter firms up as it cools.

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overhead view of bread and butter on a wooden surface

How to Buy Cacao Butter

Food-grade cacao butter is available on the shelves of some health food stores and online. Popular brands include Navitas Organics, Terrasoul, and Wild Foods. If you're taking a deep dive into chocolate making, there is also a powdered version called Mycryo, which assists in the tempering process.

How to Store Cacao Butter

Store cacao butter at cool room temperature and away from light. Choose dark containers and store them away from windows or in the refrigerator. Cacao butter is otherwise a forgiving ingredient, says Stankiewicz, "It's very stable at room temperature and can last indefinitely."