What's the Difference Between Long- and Short-Grain Rice?

Rice is a versatile, easy-to-prepare, and healthy ingredient that can be eaten at every meal. There are many varieties of rice, but they are often categorized by grain length: short or long grain. Basmati, jasmine, and black rice are types of long-grain rice. Sushi rice and arborio rice are two varieties of short-grain rice. Below, we explain the differences between long- and short-grain rice and share our favorite recipes that put each type to deliciously good use.

Long-Grain Rice

Long-grain rice is approximately three to five times the length that it is wide. Long-grain rice is typically a bit drier than short-grain rice and it's considered the most forgiving kind of rice to cook because the grains are less likely to stick to each other or the pan. Here are some types of long-grain rice:

Basmati: A fragrant rice known for its delicate aroma, fluffy texture, and nutty flavor, basmati rice is primarily grown in India and Pakistan. Try cooking with basmati rice in our recipe for Wild Salmon and Romanesco Pilaf or Albaloo Polo, a traditional Persian side dish.

Jasmine: This Thai aromatic rice has a sweet, floral scent. Jasmine rice has a soft, slightly sticky texture. Try it in a Thai curry dish using this recipe for Ginger Rice. Its flavor pairs nicely with coconut milk and chiles, like in this Thai Beef with Chiles and Basil over Coconut Rice.

American Long-Grain Rice: This versatile rice is commonly grown and eaten in the U.S. It has a light, fluffy texture and is not sticky due to its lower starch content. American long-grain rice comes in either white or brown varieties. The brown version has a slightly chewy texture. It's good in a variety of rice dishes.

Texmati: Texmati has a similar fragrance to basmati but is grown in the U.S. It is a hybrid of basmati and American long-grain rice. Try it in this Quick Chicken Curry with Spinach and Peas.

Wild Pecan Rice: Grown in Louisiana, this long-grain brown rice has a nutty, buttery flavor. Although it has the word "wild" in its name, this rice is not a true wild rice, but a rich long-grain variety. It's a good choice for a Thanksgiving rice dressing or other hearty side dishes.

Short-Grain Rice

Shorter than long-grain rice (typically under 5.5 mm) short-grain rice is starchier and stickier, making it ideal for both sweet and savory dishes. The high starch content gives short-grain rice its signature creamy texture, which is why it's commonly used in dishes like risotto and rice pudding. Here are some types of short-grain rice:

Arborio: This fluffy and sticky rice is known as a top pick for risotto. When combined with broth and other ingredients, it perfectly absorbs the flavor. Try it in this Easy Risotto.

Carnaroli: This firm rice has an even higher starch content than arborio, though the two can be used interchangeably in recipes for risotto or in rice pudding.

Sushi Rice: Sushi rice is an extra-sticky variety, making it ideal for rolling sushi with nori, fish, and vegetables. It also works well in dishes like this Sushi Bake.

Sticky Rice: Also known as glutinous rice, this soft and chewy rice is a great choice for some savory Thai rice dishes and sweet dishes like Japanese red bean sticky rice.